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ArmaLite, or Armalite, is an American small arms engineering company, formed in the early 1950s, in Hollywood, California.Many of its products, as conceived by chief designer Eugene Stoner, relied on unique foam-filled fiberglass butt/stock furniture, and a composite barrel using a steel liner inside an aluminum sleeve, including the iconic AR-15/M16 family.
An Armalite rifle (AR) is one of a series of rifles the ArmaLite company made or, more generally, a rifle based on one of its designs, such as the ArmaLite AR-15 rifle. Eugene Stoner , Jacques Michault, Melvin Johnson , Robert Fremont, and Jim Sullivan are some of the designers credited with their development. [ 1 ]
The ArmaLite AR-15 was designed to be a lightweight rifle and to fire a new high-velocity, lightweight, small-caliber cartridge to allow infantrymen to carry more ammunition. [11] In 1959, ArmaLite sold its rights to the AR-15 to Colt due to financial difficulties and limitations in terms of manpower and production capacity. [1]
The ArmaLite AR-18 is a gas-operated rifle chambered for 5.56×45mm NATO ammunition. The AR-18 was designed at ArmaLite in California by Arthur Miller, Eugene Stoner , George Sullivan, and Charles Dorchester in 1963 as an alternative to the Colt AR-15 design, a variant of which had just been selected by the U.S. military as the M16 .
At the time, ArmaLite Inc. was a very small organization (as late as 1956 it had only nine employees, including Stoner). [7] With Stoner as the chief design engineer, ArmaLite quickly released a number of unique rifle concepts. [9] The first prototypes of the 7.62 mm AR-10 emerged between 1955 and early 1956. [10]
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The ArmaLite AR-7 Explorer is a semi-automatic firearm in .22 Long Rifle caliber, developed in 1959 from the AR-5 that was adopted by the U.S. Air Force as a pilot and aircrew survival weapon. [1] The AR-7 was adopted and modified by the Israeli Air Force as an aircrew survival weapon in the 1980s.