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Six Hox genes are dispersed in the genome of Caenorhabditis elegans, a roundworm. [10]: fig. 3 Hydra and Nematostella vectensis, both in the phylum Cnidaria, have a few Hox/ParaHox-like homeobox genes. [55] [11] Hox gene expression has also been studied in brachiopods, [56] annelids, [57] and a suite of molluscs. [58]
Robb Krumlauf is an American developmental biologist.He is best known for researching the Hox family of transcription factors.He is most interested in understanding the role of the Hox genes in the hindbrain and their role in areas of animal development, such as craniofacial development.
HOXC10 is overexpressed in breast cancer and transcriptionally regulated by estrogen via involvement of histone methylases MLL3 and MLL4. [7] Methylation of the estrogen-repressed gene HOXC10 in breast cancer determines resistance to aromatase inhibitors. This epigenetic reprogramming of HOXC10 is observed in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. [8]
The Cancer Genome Atlas →: National Cancer Institute, United States Copy number, Mutation, Methylation, Gene Expression, miRNA expression: Yes Yes Human: No Yes Yes CancerResource →: University Medicine Berlin, Germany Roche Cancer Genome Database (RCGDB) Roche Diagnostics, Penzberg, Germany Network of Cancer Genes →: King's College ...
Homeobox protein Hox-C6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXC6 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Hox-C6 expression is highest in the fallopian tube and ovary. [ 8 ] HoxC6 has been highly expressed in many types of cancers including prostate, breast, and esophageal squamous cell cancer.
This gene and other HOXB genes form a gene cluster on chromosome 17 in the 17q21.32 region. [6] Men who inherit a rare (<0.1% in a selected group of patients without clinical signs of prostate cancer ) genetic variant in HOXB13 (G84E or rs138213197) have a 10-20-fold increased risk of prostate cancer.
Homeobox protein Hox-D13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXD13 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] This gene belongs to the homeobox family of genes. The homeobox genes encode a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in morphogenesis in all multicellular organisms.
Hox genes are found in bilateral animals, including Drosophila (in which they were first discovered) and humans. Hox genes are a subset of the homeobox genes. The Hox genes are often conserved across species, so some of the Hox genes of Drosophila are homologous to those in humans. In general, Hox genes play a role of regulating expression of ...