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  2. mRNA vaccine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA_vaccine

    An mRNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that uses a copy of a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce an immune response. [1] The vaccine delivers molecules of antigen -encoding mRNA into cells , which use the designed mRNA as a blueprint to build foreign protein that would normally be produced by a pathogen (such as a virus ) or by a ...

  3. Nucleotide base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide_base

    It differs in having an extra amine group, creating a more stable bond to thymine. [3] Adenine and guanine have a fused-ring skeletal structure derived of purine, hence they are called purine bases. [4] The purine nitrogenous bases are characterized by their single amino group (−NH 2), at the C6 carbon in adenine and C2 in guanine. [5]

  4. mRNA vaccines: 5 things to know - AOL

    www.aol.com/nobel-prize-mrna-vaccines-5...

    Here are five things to know about Karikó and Weissman’s game-changing research and mRNA vaccines. What mRNA does. Messenger RNA, or mRNA, is a form of nucleic acid that tells cells what to do ...

  5. Guanine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanine

    Guanine, along with adenine and cytosine, is present in both DNA and RNA, whereas thymine is usually seen only in DNA, and uracil only in RNA. Guanine has two tautomeric forms, the major keto form (see figures) and rare enol form. [citation needed] It binds to cytosine through three hydrogen bonds. In cytosine, the amino group acts as the ...

  6. Nucleic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid

    The bases found in RNA and DNA are: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil. Thymine occurs only in DNA and uracil only in RNA. Thymine occurs only in DNA and uracil only in RNA. Using amino acids and protein synthesis , [ 2 ] the specific sequence in DNA of these nucleobase-pairs helps to keep and send coded instructions as genes .

  7. US obesity rates drop for 1st time in a decade, with possible ...

    www.aol.com/us-obesity-rates-drop-1st-160026522.html

    For the first time in over a decade, obesity rates in the United States may finally be heading in the right direction and new weight loss drugs like semaglutide could be part of the reason why. A ...

  8. RNA therapeutics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_Therapeutics

    RNA therapeutics are a new class of medications based on ribonucleic acid (RNA). Research has been working on clinical use since the 1990s, with significant success in cancer therapy in the early 2010s. [1] In 2020 and 2021, mRNA vaccines have been developed globally for use in combating the coronavirus disease (COVID-19 pandemic). [2]

  9. Genetic vaccine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_vaccine

    As a result, genetic vaccines and live vaccines generate cytotoxic T-cells in addition to antibodies in the vaccinated individual. In contrast to live vaccines, only parts of the pathogen are used, which means that a reversion to an infectious pathogen cannot occur as it happened during the polio vaccinations with the Sabin vaccine. [2]