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  2. Hardnesses of the elements (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardnesses_of_the_elements...

    Toggle the table of contents. Hardnesses of the elements (data page) 10 languages. ... Mohs hardness of materials (data page) Vickers hardness test; Brinell scale

  3. Mohs scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale

    Mohs hardness kit, containing one specimen of each mineral on the ten-point hardness scale. The Mohs scale (/ m oÊŠ z / MOHZ) of mineral hardness is a qualitative ordinal scale, from 1 to 10, characterizing scratch resistance of minerals through the ability of harder material to scratch softer material.

  4. Material properties of diamond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_properties_of_diamond

    The toughness of natural diamond has been measured as 2.0 MPa⋅m 1/2, which is good compared to other gemstones like aquamarine (blue colored), but poor compared to most engineering materials. As with any material, the macroscopic geometry of a diamond contributes to its resistance to breakage.

  5. Gemstone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

    A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or polished, is used to make jewelry or other adornments.

  6. Chrysoberyl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysoberyl

    Despite the similarity of their names, chrysoberyl and beryl are two completely different gemstones, although they both contain beryllium. Chrysoberyl is the third-hardest frequently encountered natural gemstone and lies at 8.5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, between corundum (9) and topaz (8). [7]

  7. Moissanite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moissanite

    Other manufacturers market silicon carbide gemstones under trademarked names such as Amora. On the Mohs scale of mineral hardness (with diamond as the upper extreme, 10) moissanite is rated as 9.25. [4] As a diamond alternative, Moissanite has some optical properties exceeding those of diamond.

  8. Diamond (gemstone) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_(gemstone)

    Diamonds are one of the best-known and most sought-after gems, and they have been used as decorative items since ancient times. The hardness of diamond and its high dispersion of light—giving the diamond its characteristic "fire"—make it useful for industrial applications and desirable as jewelry. Diamonds are such a highly traded commodity ...

  9. Topaz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topaz

    Topaz is a silicate mineral made of aluminum and fluorine with the chemical formula Al 2 Si O 4 (F, OH) 2.It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can make it pale blue or golden brown to yellow-orange. [7]

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