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When translating memory timings into actual latency, it is important to note that timings are in units of clock cycles, which for double data rate memory is half the speed of the commonly quoted transfer rate. Without knowing the clock frequency it is impossible to state if one set of timings is "faster" than another. For example, DDR3-2000 ...
A module's clock speed designates the data rate at which it is ... A test with DDR and DDR2 RAM in 2005 found that average power consumption appeared to be of the ...
Double Data Rate 3 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR3 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) with a high bandwidth ("double data rate") interface, and has been in use since 2007. It is the higher-speed successor to DDR and DDR2 and predecessor to DDR4 synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) chips.
DDR4 memory is supplied in 288-pin dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs), similar in size to 240-pin DDR3 DIMMs. DDR4 RAM modules feature pins that are spaced more closely at 0.85 mm compared to the 1.0 mm spacing in DDR3, allowing for a higher pin density within the same standard DIMM length of 133.35 mm (5¼ inches).
Because memory modules have multiple internal banks, and data can be output from one during access latency for another, the output pins can be kept 100% busy regardless of the CAS latency through pipelining; the maximum attainable bandwidth is determined solely by the clock speed.
The clock rate of the first generation of computers was measured in hertz or kilohertz (kHz), the first personal computers (PCs) to arrive throughout the 1970s and 1980s had clock rates measured in megahertz (MHz), and in the 21st century the speed of modern CPUs is commonly advertised in gigahertz (GHz).
AMD Van Gogh, Intel Tiger Lake, Apple silicon (M1 Pro, M1 Max, M1 Ultra, M2 and A16 Bionic), Huawei Kirin 9000 and Snapdragon 888 memory controllers support LPDDR5. The doubling of the transfer rate, and the quarter-speed master clock, results in a master clock which is half the frequency of a similar LPDDR4 clock.
The naming convention for DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 modules specifies either a maximum speed (e.g., DDR2-800) or a maximum bandwidth (e.g., PC2-6400). The speed rating (800) is not the maximum clock speed, but twice that (because of the doubled data rate). The specified bandwidth (6400) is the maximum megabytes transferred per second using a 64-bit width.