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  2. Antigen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigen

    An antigen binds the highly variable immunoreceptor products (B-cell receptor or T-cell receptor) once these have been generated. Immunogens are those antigens, termed immunogenic, capable of inducing an immune response. [17] At the molecular level, an antigen can be characterized by its ability to bind to an antibody's paratopes. Different ...

  3. Antigen processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigen_processing

    Each B cell and T cell is specific for a particular antigen, which simply means that each of these cells is able to bind to a particular molecular structure (such as an antigen). The specificity of binding resides in a specific receptor for antigen: the B-cell receptor (BCR) and the T-cell receptor (TCR) for B and T cells, respectively. Both ...

  4. Antigen presentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigen_presentation

    Antigen presentation is a vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering. Because T cells recognize only fragmented antigens displayed on cell surfaces, antigen processing must occur before the antigen fragment can be recognized by a T-cell receptor.

  5. Human leukocyte antigen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_leukocyte_antigen

    The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is a complex of genes on chromosome 6 in humans that encode cell-surface proteins responsible for regulation of the immune system. [1] The HLA system is also known as the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) found in many animals.

  6. Antibody - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody

    Each antibody binds to a specific antigen in a highly specific interaction analogous to a lock and key.. An antibody (Ab) or immunoglobulin (Ig) is a large, Y-shaped protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily which is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize antigens such as bacteria and viruses, including those that cause disease.

  7. What's the difference between a PCR and antigen COVID ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/whats-difference-between-pcr...

    I’m a molecular biologist, and since April 2020 I’ve been part of a team working on a National Institutes of Health-funded program called RADx that

  8. V (D)J recombination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V(D)J_recombination

    V(D)J recombination allows for the generation of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors to antigens that neither the organism nor its ancestor(s) need to have previously encountered, allowing for an adaptive immune response to novel pathogens that develop or to those that frequently change (e.g., seasonal influenza).

  9. Antigen-antibody interaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigen-antibody_interaction

    The principles of specificity and cross-reactivity of the antigen-antibody interaction are useful in clinical laboratory for diagnostic purposes. One basic application is determination of ABO blood group. It is also used as a molecular technique for infection with different pathogens, such as HIV, microbes, and helminth parasites.