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These include limited autocracy, semi-autocracy, liberal autocracy, [3] semi-liberal autocracy, [44] anocracy, [9] and electoral autocracy. [45] These governments may begin as democratic governments and then become autocratic as the elected leader seizes control over the nation's institutions and electoral process. [ 46 ]
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Term Description Examples Autocracy: Autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power (social and political) is concentrated in the hands of one person or polity, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of popular control (except perhaps for the implicit threat of a coup d'état or mass insurrection).
Electoral autocracy is a hybrid regime, in which democratic institutions are imitative and adhere to authoritarian methods. In these regimes, regular elections are held, but they are accused of failing to reach democratic standards of freedom and fairness.
Global trend report Bertelsmann Transformation Index 2022 [1] Global Political Regimes, 2023 V-Dem – processed by Our World in Data [2] Democratic backsliding, also known as autocratization, is the decline in democratic qualities of a political regime, the opposite of democratization. [3]
An Autocracy is a state/government in which one person possesses "unlimited power". A Totalitarian state is "based on subordination of the individual to the state and strict control of all aspects of the life and productive capacity of the nation especially by coercive measures (such as censorship and terrorism)".
The World Bank has regularly failed to live up to its own policies for protecting people harmed by projects it finances. The World Bank and its private-sector lending arm, the International Finance Corp., have financed governments and companies accused of human rights violations such as rape, murder and torture.
A liberal autocracy is a non-democratic government that follows the principles of liberalism. [1] Until the 20th century, most countries in Western Europe were "liberal autocracies, or at best, semi-democracies". [2] One example of a "classic liberal autocracy" was the Austro-Hungarian Empire. [3]