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In geometry, a position or position vector, also known as location vector or radius vector, is a Euclidean vector that represents a point P in space. Its length represents the distance in relation to an arbitrary reference origin O , and its direction represents the angular orientation with respect to given reference axes.
In mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of vertices (also called nodes or points ) which are connected by edges (also called arcs , links or lines ).
This type of mapping between graphs is the one that is most commonly used in category-theoretic approaches to graph theory. A proper graph coloring can equivalently be described as a homomorphism to a complete graph. 2. The homomorphism degree of a graph is a synonym for its Hadwiger number, the order of the largest clique minor. hyperarc
An absolute bearing is measured with a bearing compass. The measurement of absolute bearings of fixed landmarks and other navigation aids is useful for the navigator because this information can be used on the nautical chart together with simple geometrical techniques to aid in determining the position of the vessel.
The relative neighborhood graph of 100 random points in a unit square. In computational geometry, the relative neighborhood graph (RNG) is an undirected graph defined on a set of points in the Euclidean plane by connecting two points and by an edge whenever there does not exist a third point that is closer to both and than they are to each other.
In geometry and mechanics, a displacement is a vector whose length is the shortest distance from the initial to the final position of a point P undergoing motion. [1] It quantifies both the distance and direction of the net or total motion along a straight line from the initial position to the final position of the point trajectory.
In graph theory, an adjacent vertex of a vertex v in a graph is a vertex that is connected to v by an edge.The neighbourhood of a vertex v in a graph G is the subgraph of G induced by all vertices adjacent to v, i.e., the graph composed of the vertices adjacent to v and all edges connecting vertices adjacent to v.
Force-directed graph drawing algorithms assign forces among the set of edges and the set of nodes of a graph drawing.Typically, spring-like attractive forces based on Hooke's law are used to attract pairs of endpoints of the graph's edges towards each other, while simultaneously repulsive forces like those of electrically charged particles based on Coulomb's law are used to separate all pairs ...