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The pygmy mammoth is an example of insular dwarfism, a case of Foster's rule, its unusually small body size an adaptation to the limited resources of its island home.. A biological rule or biological law is a generalized law, principle, or rule of thumb formulated to describe patterns observed in living organisms.
Purines are larger than pyrimidines. Both types of molecules complement each other and can only base pair with the opposing type of nucleobase. In nucleic acid, nucleobases are held together by hydrogen bonding, which only works efficiently between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. The base complement A = T shares two ...
These rules (patterns) are not without exceptions. Non-allelic mutants may occasionally fail to complement (this is known as "non-allelic non-complementation" or "unlinked non-complementation"). This is an uncommon occurrence that depends on the type of mutants being investigated. Two mutations, for example, could be synthetically dominant ...
Biological rules describe patterns of variation within and across species most often in regard to size. While they are described as rules there are often many ...
In botany and horticulture, an offset (also called a pup, mainly in the US, [1]) is a small, virtually complete daughter plant that has been naturally and asexually produced on the mother plant. They are clones , meaning that they are genetically identical to the mother plant.
The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the humoral, innate immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane. [1]
The classical and alternative complement pathways. Alternative pathway. (Some labels are in Polish.) The alternative pathway is a type of cascade reaction of the complement system and is a component of the innate immune system, a natural defense against infections.
Complement system (immunology), a cascade of proteins in the blood that form part of innate immunity Complementary DNA , DNA reverse transcribed from a mature mRNA template Complementarity (molecular biology) , a property whereby double stranded nucleic acids pair with each other