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The modern Hebrew calendar has been designed to ensure that certain holy days and festivals do not fall on certain days of the week. As a result, there are only four possible patterns of days on which festivals can fall. (Note that Jewish days start at sunset of the preceding day indicated in this article.)
Each Torah portion consists of two to six chapters to be read during the week. There are 54 weekly portions or parashot.Torah reading mostly follows an annual cycle beginning and ending on the Jewish holiday of Simchat Torah, with the divisions corresponding to the lunisolar Hebrew calendar, which contains up to 55 weeks, the exact number varying between leap years and regular years.
The Hebrew calendar (Hebrew: הַלּוּחַ הָעִבְרִי ), also called the Jewish calendar, is a lunisolar calendar used today for Jewish religious observance and as an official calendar of Israel. It determines the dates of Jewish holidays and other rituals, such as yahrzeits and the schedule of public Torah readings.
Simchat Torah is observed on the 22nd to 23rd of Tishrei (Tishrei is the first month of the Jewish year). Upcoming dates: Jewish Year 5785: Sunset 24 October 2024 – Nightfall 24 October 2024
As above, the basic obligation of Shnayim mikra ve-echad targum involves reciting the Hebrew text of the weekly portion twice and then reciting Targum Onkelos once. One should read a passage from the Torah twice, followed by the Targum translation of that passage, then continuing to the next Torah passage in order.
Shemot, Shemoth, or Shemos (שְׁמוֹת —Hebrew for 'names', the second word, and first distinctive word, of the parashah) is the thirteenth weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה , parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the first in the Book of Exodus. It constitutes Exodus 1:1–6:1.
The Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt (1830 painting by David Roberts). Bo (בֹּא —in Hebrew, the command form of "go," or "come," and the first significant word in the parashah, in Exodus 10:1) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה , parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the book of Exodus.
The lunisolar Hebrew calendar contains up to 55 weeks, the exact number varying between 50 in common years and 54 or 55 in leap years. In leap years (for example, 2027, 2030, 2033, 2035, and 2038), Parashat Acharei Mot is read separately on the 29th Shabbat after Simchat Torah .