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Animation of a two-stroke engine. A two-stroke (or two-stroke cycle) engine is a type of internal combustion engine that completes a power cycle with two strokes of the piston (one up and one down movement) in one revolution of the crankshaft in contrast to a four-stroke engine which requires four strokes of the piston in two crankshaft revolutions to complete a power cycle.
A stroke is the action of a piston travelling the full length of its cylinder.In a two-stroke engine, one of the two strokes combines primarily the intake stroke and the combustion stroke, while the other stroke primarily combines the compression stroke and the exhaust stroke, though technically since both ports are exposed during both the combustion and compression strokes, some reversion ...
In crankcase scavenged 2-stroke engines, exhaust and intake are performed mostly simultaneously and with the combustion chamber at its maximum volume. The main advantage of 2-stroke engines of this type is mechanical simplicity and a higher power-to-weight ratio than their 4-stroke counterparts. Despite having twice as many power strokes per ...
[note 1] The EMD 710 is a relatively large medium-speed two-stroke diesel engine that has 710 cubic inches (11.6 liters) displacement per cylinder, [1] and a maximum engine speed of 900 rpm. [note 2] In 1951, E. W. Kettering (son of Charles F. Kettering) wrote a paper for the ASME entitled, History and Development of the 567 Series General ...
Cutaway model of a MAN B&W two-stroke marine diesel engine with the piston rod attached to a crosshead. In the two-stroke cycle, the four stages of internal combustion engine operation (intake, compression, ignition, exhaust) occur in one 360° revolution of the crank shaft, whereas in a four-stroke engine they take two complete revolutions.
Two-stroke engines which use crankcase compression do not require a crankcase ventilation system, since all of the gases within the crankcase are then fed into the combustion chamber. Many small four-stroke engines such as lawn mower engines and electricity generators simply use a draught tube connected to the intake system.
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The Bourke engine was an attempt by Russell Bourke, in the 1920s, to improve the two-stroke internal combustion engine. Despite finishing his design and building several working engines, the onset of World War II , lack of test results, [ 1 ] and the poor health of his wife compounded to prevent his engine from ever coming successfully to market.