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The 1-vs-2 cycles conjecture or 2-cycle conjecture is an unproven computational hardness assumption asserting that solving the 1-vs-2 cycles problem in the massively parallel communication model requires at least a logarithmic number of rounds of communication, even for a randomized algorithm that succeeds with high probability (having a ...
The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a 28-item self-report questionnaire, adapted from the semi-structured interview, the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE). The questionnaire is designed to assess the range, frequency and severity of behaviours associated with a diagnosis of an eating disorder.
This new set of frequency questions was tested in a recent study of 708 adolescent primary care patients ages 12–18 that found a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 81% for detecting past-12-month use of any substance, suggesting better performance in identifying substance use compared to that of the "yes/no" questions found in the prior study.
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is a ten-item questionnaire approved by the World Health Organization to screen patients for hazardous (risky) and harmful alcohol consumption. It was developed from a WHO multi-country collaborative study, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] the items being selected for the AUDIT being the best performing of ...
It attributes addiction to a chemical imbalance in an individual's brain associated with genetics or environmental factors. [3] The other model is the choice model of addiction, which contends that addiction is a result of voluntary actions rather than brain dysfunction. [4] Through this model, addiction is viewed as a choice and is studied ...
The disease model of addiction describes an addiction as a disease with genetic, biological, neurological or environmental origin. [1] The traditional medical model of disease requires only an abnormal condition causing distress, discomfort or dysfunction to an affected individual.
The cognitive urge and automaticity model is a prominent cognitive theory of addiction and purposes that behaviors associated with substance administration become automatic and cues can trigger such automatized behaviors. [2] This model is consistent with addiction models that emphasize habit-like processes.
For example, if a person experiences strong positive (and weak negative) effects from a substance, due to their biochemical profile, their expectations of the positive effects from the substance will be heightened, therefore increasing their desire for continued use, resulting in dependence. [1] According to this model, the experience of the ...