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The iliac fossa is bounded above by the iliac crest, and below by the arcuate line. It is bordered in front and behind by the anterior and posterior borders of the ilium. The iliac fossa gives origin to the iliacus muscle. [1] The obturator nerve passes around the iliac fossa. [2] It is perforated at its inner part by a nutrient canal.
On the sides of the abdomen the other six regions are the left and right hypochondriac regions, on either side of the epigastrium; the left and right lumbar flank regions, on either side of the umbilical region, and the left and right iliac or inguinal regions on either side of the hypogastrium. [3] [4]
The iliacus arises from the iliac fossa on the interior side of the hip bone, and also from the region of the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS). It joins the psoas major to form the iliopsoas. [1] It proceeds across the iliopubic eminence through the muscular lacuna to its insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur. [1]
The reversal of "left" and "right" is intentional, because the anatomical designations reflect the patient's own right and left.) The "right iliac fossa" (RIF) is a common site of pain and tenderness in patients who have appendicitis. The fossa is named for the underlying iliac fossa of the hip bone, and thus is somewhat imprecise. Most of the ...
The brevis fossa is a deep groove in the underside of the postacetabular process, the rear part of the ilium. The brevis shelf is the bony ridge at the inner side of the fossa, the bone wall forming the internal face of the rear part of the ilium, which functions as an attachment area for a tail muscle, the musculus caudofemoralis brevis. [6]
Behind the iliac fossa is a rough surface, divided into two portions, an anterior and a posterior. The anterior surface (auricular surface), so called from its resemblance in shape to the ear, is coated with cartilage in the fresh state, and articulates with a similar surface on the side of the sacrum.
In supine patients, infected fluid from the right iliac fossa may ascend in the paracolic gutter to enter the lesser sac. In patients nursed in a sitting position, fluid from the stomach, duodenum, or gallbladder may run down the paracolic gutter to collect in the right iliac fossa or pelvis. This may mimic acute appendicitis or form a pelvic ...
The severity of symptoms of damage to the iliohypogastric nerve can show whether damage occurred above or below the anterior superior iliac spine. [6] Bone may be harvested from the nearby iliac crest for use elsewhere in the body. [5] As the subcostal nerve lies close to the anterior superior iliac spine, this is put at risk of damage. [5]