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The POST identifies, tests and initializes system devices such as the CPU, chipset, RAM, motherboard, video card, keyboard, mouse, hard disk drive, optical disc drive and other hardware, including integrated peripherals. Early IBM PCs had a routine in the POST that would download a program into RAM through the keyboard port and run it.
Option ROMs are necessary to enable non-Plug and Play peripheral devices to boot and to extend the BIOS to provide support for any non-Plug and Play peripheral device in the same way that standard and motherboard-integrated peripherals are supported. Option ROMs are also used to extend the BIOS or to add other firmware services to the BIOS.
BIOS interrupt calls perform hardware control or I/O functions requested by a program, return system information to the program, or do both. A key element of the purpose of BIOS calls is abstraction - the BIOS calls perform generally defined functions, and the specific details of how those functions are executed on the particular hardware of the system are encapsulated in the BIOS and hidden ...
A group of integrated circuits, or chips, that are designed to work together. They are usually marketed as a single product. Compact Disc-Recordable (CD-R) A variation of the optical compact disc which can be written to once. Compact Disc-ReWritable (CD-RW) A variation of the optical compact disc which can be written to many times.
Low Pin Count interface Winbond chip Trusted Platform Module installed on a motherboard, and using the LPC bus. The Low Pin Count (LPC) bus is a computer bus used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the BIOS ROM (BIOS ROM was moved to the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus in 2006 [1]), "legacy" I/O devices (integrated into Super I/O ...
Kickstart, used in the Amiga line of computers (POST, hardware init + Plug and Play auto-configuration of peripherals, kernel, etc.) RTAS (Run-Time Abstraction Services), used in System i and System p computers from IBM; The Common Firmware Environment (CFE) for Broadcom systems-on-chip (SoCs) Updating the firmware of a Fuji Instax camera
Super I/O (sometimes Multi-IO) [1] is a class of I/O controller integrated circuits that began to be used on personal computer motherboards in the late 1980s, originally as add-in cards, later embedded on the motherboards. A super I/O chip combines interfaces for a variety of low-bandwidth devices.
ICH - 82801AA. The first version of the ICH was released in June 1999 along with the Intel 810 northbridge.While its predecessor, the PIIX, was connected to the northbridge through an internal PCI bus with a bandwidth of 133 MB/s, the ICH used a proprietary interface (called by Intel Hub Interface) that linked it to the northbridge through an 8-bit wide, 266 MB/s bus.