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The German-Dutch mathematician Ludolph van Ceulen (circa 1600) computed the first 35 decimal places of π with a 2 62-gon. He was so proud of this accomplishment that he had them inscribed on his tombstone .
Carl Louis Ferdinand von Lindemann (12 April 1852 – 6 March 1939) was a German mathematician, noted for his proof, published in 1882, that π (pi) is a transcendental number, meaning it is not a root of any polynomial with rational coefficients.
In 1844, a record was set by Zacharias Dase, who employed a Machin-like formula to calculate 200 decimals of π in his head at the behest of German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss. [88] In 1853, British mathematician William Shanks calculated π to 607 digits, but made a mistake in the 528th digit, rendering all subsequent digits incorrect ...
where C is the circumference of a circle, d is the diameter, and r is the radius.More generally, = where L and w are, respectively, the perimeter and the width of any curve of constant width.
Made use of a desk calculator [24] 620: 1947 Ivan Niven: Gave a very elementary proof that π is irrational: January 1947 D. F. Ferguson: Made use of a desk calculator [24] 710: September 1947 D. F. Ferguson: Made use of a desk calculator [24] 808: 1949 Levi B. Smith and John Wrench: Made use of a desk calculator 1,120
A History of Pi (book) Indiana Pi Bill; Leibniz formula for pi; Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem (Proof that π is transcendental) List of circle topics; List of formulae involving π; Liu Hui's π algorithm; Mathematical constant (sorted by continued fraction representation) Mathematical constants and functions; Method of exhaustion; Milü; Pi ...
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By some people, pi is believed to be encoded in 1 Kings 7:23. The plain text gives a diameter D (1.5 foot) and a circumference 3D (4.5 foot), which would seem to indicate a value of 3 for pi (supposing both measures measure the same circle). However, the word for line/circumference, סָבִיב, is misspelled as סְבִיבָה.