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  2. Two Row Wampum Treaty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Row_Wampum_Treaty

    The Two Row Belt, as it is commonly known, depicts the kaswentha relationship in visual form via a long beaded belt of white wampum with two parallel lines of purple wampum along its length – the lines symbolizing a separate-but-equal relationship between two entities based on mutual benefit and mutual respect for each party’s inherent ...

  3. Covenant Chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenant_Chain

    The Covenant Chain is embodied in the Two Row Wampum of the Iroquois, known as the people of the longhouse - Haudenosaunee. It was based in agreements negotiated between Dutch settlers in New Netherland (present-day New York) and the Five Nations of the Iroquois (or Haudenosaunee) early in the 17th century.

  4. Wampum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wampum

    Before European contact, strings of wampum were used for storytelling, ceremonial gifts, and recording important treaties and historical events, such as the Two Row Wampum Treaty [2] [3] and the Hiawatha Belt. Wampum was also used by the northeastern Indigenous tribes as a means of exchange, [4] strung together in lengths for convenience. The ...

  5. Lydia Wallace-Chavez - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydia_Wallace-Chavez

    The Society put her Two Row wampum belt on display in March 2023, with the design representing the existence of two separate cultures working alongside one another. [5] The belt is a reference to the original alliance between the Haudenosaunee and Dutch traders made in 1613. [2]

  6. List of treaties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_treaties

    Two Row Wampum Treaty [note 47] Treaty between the Iroquois and representatives of the Dutch government. 1614 Treaty of Xanten: Ends the War of the Jülich Succession. 1615 Peace of Asti: Duke Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy relinquishes claims on Monferrato. Peace of Tyrnau: Recognizes Gábor Bethlen as the Prince of Transylvania. Treaty of Serav

  7. Monarchy of Canada and the Indigenous peoples of Canada

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada_and_the...

    In 2019, Queen Elizabeth II was given a replica of the Two Row Wampum (Kaswentha), which symbolized an agreement between the Iroquois and representatives of the Dutch Crown in 1613, which formed the foundation of the Covenant Chain of later treaties with the English Crown. The parallel rows of purple beads "represent two groups living in ...

  8. Deskaheh - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deskaheh

    [11] In his lectures, he reminded European colonizers of the new world of their obligations under the two row wampum, the most significant pact made between the Iroquois and Europeans. His eloquence, persistence, and ability to speak French helped win the support of some nations, including Ireland, Panama, Persia, Japan, and Estonia. [ 12 ]

  9. Category:Documents of New Netherland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Documents_of_New...

    Two Row Wampum Treaty This page was last edited on 22 September 2021, at 05:41 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License ...