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Real-Time Path Planning is a term used in robotics that consists of motion planning methods that can adapt to real time changes in the environment. This includes everything from primitive algorithms that stop a robot when it approaches an obstacle to more complex algorithms that continuously takes in information from the surroundings and creates a plan to avoid obstacles.
Depending on the configuration, open-chain robotic manipulators require a degree of trajectory optimization. For instance, a robotic arm with 7 joints and 7 links (7-DOF) is a redundant system where one cartesian position of an end-effector can correspond to an infinite number of joint angle positions, thus this redundancy can be used to optimize a trajectory to, for example, avoid any ...
Motion planning algorithms might address robots with a larger number of joints (e.g., industrial manipulators), more complex tasks (e.g. manipulation of objects), different constraints (e.g., a car that can only drive forward), and uncertainty (e.g. imperfect models of the environment or robot).
A new track that begins in or near the capture volume of an active track is called a split track. Coasted track, joined track, and split track trigger an operator alert. For example, a track coast can result from an aircraft collision, so the cause needs to be determined otherwise supervisory personnel need to be notified.
Time-space trajectories from data collected on roads and highways can be compared to its respective Newell’s car-following model trajectory to determine whether a driver is cautious or aggressive. The following figures show the trajectories of two vehicles (black) and the trajectory predicted by Newell’s car-following Model for the ...
Differential dynamic programming (DDP) is an optimal control algorithm of the trajectory optimization class. The algorithm was introduced in 1966 by Mayne [ 1 ] and subsequently analysed in Jacobson and Mayne's eponymous book. [ 2 ]
A tracked articulated vehicle or articulated tracked vehicle (abbreviated as ATV. [ 1 ] but not to be confused with all-terrain vehicle ), is a variation of a continuous track vehicle that consists of two cars, each with their own track, most commonly with an actuated linkage in between.
The idea would be to use the vehicle's wings to generate lift and pull up into a new ballistic trajectory, exiting the atmosphere again and giving the vehicle time to cool off between the skips. [6] It was later demonstrated that the heating load during the skips was much higher than initially calculated, and would have melted the spacecraft. [7]