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Delta-sigma (ΔΣ; or sigma-delta, ΣΔ) modulation is an oversampling method for encoding signals into low bit depth digital signals at a very high sample-frequency as part of the process of delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs).
English: Delta-sigma modulation loop model with quantization noise in the Laplace (s) domain. Integration become 1/s, and the quantization process can be modeled as simply adding noise. Integration become 1/s, and the quantization process can be modeled as simply adding noise.
Delta modulation (DM or Δ-modulation) is an analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog signal conversion technique used for transmission of voice information where quality is not of primary importance. DM is the simplest form of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) where the difference between successive samples is encoded into n-bit data ...
The 2-level waveform is derived using pulse-width modulation (PWM), pulse-density modulation (sometimes referred to as pulse frequency modulation), sliding mode control (more commonly called self-oscillating modulation. [3]) or discrete-time forms of modulation such as delta-sigma modulation. [4]
The Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula is mathematically equivalent to an ideal low-pass filter whose input is a sequence of Dirac delta functions that are modulated (multiplied) by the sample values. When the time interval between adjacent samples is a constant (), the sequence of delta functions is called a Dirac comb.
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In electronics, a frequency multiplier is an electronic circuit that generates an output signal and that output frequency is a harmonic (multiple) of its input frequency. . Frequency multipliers consist of a nonlinear circuit that distorts the input signal and consequently generates harmonics of the input
Also, a small flash ADC circuit may be present inside a delta-sigma modulation loop. Flash ADCs are also used in NAND flash memory, where up to 3 bits are stored per cell as 8 voltages level on floating gates.