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Evaluating this lambda expression is similar [a] to constructing a new instance of an anonymous class that implements Lazy<Integer> with an eval method returning 1. Each iteration of the loop links a to a new object created by evaluating the lambda expression inside the loop.
If data is a Series, then data['a'] returns all values with the index value of a. However, if data is a DataFrame, then data['a'] returns all values in the column(s) named a. To avoid this ambiguity, Pandas supports the syntax data.loc['a'] as an alternative way to filter using the index.
In this case particular lambda terms (which define functions) are considered as values. "Running" (beta reducing) the fixed-point combinator on the encoding gives a lambda term for the result which may then be interpreted as fixed-point value. Alternately, a function may be considered as a lambda term defined purely in lambda calculus.
The use of an initial value is necessary when the combining function f is asymmetrical in its types (e.g. a → b → b), i.e. when the type of its result is different from the type of the list's elements. Then an initial value must be used, with the same type as that of f 's result, for a linear chain of applications to be possible. Whether it ...
Church numerals are the representations of natural numbers under Church encoding. The higher-order function that represents natural number n is a function that maps any function to its n-fold composition.
From the relations between a beta and an F-distribution, Wilks' lambda can be related to the F-distribution when one of the parameters of the Wilks lambda distribution is either 1 or 2, e.g., [1] 1 − Λ ( p , m , 1 ) Λ ( p , m , 1 ) ∼ p m − p + 1 F p , m − p + 1 , {\displaystyle {\frac {1-\Lambda (p,m,1)}{\Lambda (p,m,1)}}\sim {\frac ...
This is a truly nested variant which contains an outer loop of k sets and an inner loop of l sets. The total data set is split into k sets. One by one, a set is selected as the (outer) test set and the k - 1 other sets are combined into the corresponding outer training set. This is repeated for each of the k sets.
Tukey's lambda distribution is a shape-conformable distribution used to identify an appropriate common distribution family to fit a collection of data to. Wilks' lambda distribution is an extension of Snedecor 's F-distribution for matricies used in multivariate hypothesis testing, especially with regard to the likelihood-ratio test and ...