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  2. Standard temperature and pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_temperature_and...

    Since 1982, STP has been defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of exactly 1 bar (100 kPa, 10 5 Pa). NIST uses a temperature of 20 °C (293.15 K, 68 °F) and an absolute pressure of 1 atm (14.696 psi, 101.325 kPa). [3] This standard is also called normal temperature and pressure (abbreviated as NTP).

  3. Vapor pressures of the elements (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_pressures_of_the...

    Values are given in terms of temperature necessary to reach the specified pressure. Valid results within the quoted ranges from most equations are included in the table for comparison. A conversion factor is included into the original first coefficients of the equations to provide the pressure in pascals (CR2: 5.006, SMI: -0.875).

  4. International Standard Atmosphere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard...

    Comparison of a graph of International Standard Atmosphere temperature and pressure and approximate altitudes of various objects and successful stratospheric jumps The International Standard Atmosphere ( ISA ) is a static atmospheric model of how the pressure , temperature , density , and viscosity of the Earth's atmosphere change over a wide ...

  5. Orders of magnitude (pressure) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(pressure)

    Pressure used in boilers of steam locomotives [citation needed] 1.1 MPa 162 psi Pressure of an average human bite [citation needed] 2.8–8.3 MPa 400–1,200 psi Pressure of carbon dioxide propellant in a paintball gun [64] 5 MPa 700 psi Water pressure of the output of a coin-operated car wash spray nozzle [58] 5 MPa 700 psi

  6. Atmospheric pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure

    Atmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure or barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as 101,325 Pa (1,013.25 hPa ), which is equivalent to 1,013.25 millibars , [ 1 ] 760 mm Hg , 29.9212 inches Hg , or 14.696 psi . [ 2 ]

  7. Boiling point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_point

    A log-lin vapor pressure chart for various liquids. The higher the vapor pressure of a liquid at a given temperature, the lower the normal boiling point (i.e., the boiling point at atmospheric pressure) of the liquid. The vapor pressure chart to the right has graphs of the vapor pressures versus temperatures for a variety of liquids. [10]

  8. Standard state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_state

    The standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions.A degree sign (°) or a superscript Plimsoll symbol (⦵) is used to designate a thermodynamic quantity in the standard state, such as change in enthalpy (ΔH°), change in entropy (ΔS°), or change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°).

  9. Phase rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_rule

    The number of degrees of freedom F (also called the variance) is the number of independent intensive properties, i.e., the largest number of thermodynamic parameters such as temperature or pressure that can be varied simultaneously and independently of each other. [5] An example of a one-component system (C = 1) is a pure chemical.