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Black psychology, also known as African-American psychology and African/Black psychology, is a scientific field that focuses on how people of African descent know and experience the world. [1] The field, particularly in the United States, largely emerged as a result of the lack of understanding of the psychology of Black people under ...
Kobi Kazembe Kambon (a.k.a. Joseph A. Baldwin; November 29, 1943 - December 31, 2018) was a black educator and psychologist. His research has been particularly influential in areas relating to African (Black) Psychology, cultural survival in the face of cultural oppression, and mental health.
Linda James Myers (born 1948) is an American psychologist best known for developing a theory of optimal psychology. [1] [2] Optimal psychology theory relies on African and Native American worldviews to promote interconnectedness and anti-racism. [3] [4] [5] James Myers has offered significant contributions to the field of African Psychology.
William E. Cross Jr. (1940 - December 6, 2024) was a theorist and researcher in the field of ethnic identity development, specifically Black identity development. [1] He is best known for his nigrescence model, first detailed in a 1971 publication, and his book, Shades of Black, published in 1991.
Na'im Akbar is a clinical psychologist well known for his Afrocentric approach to psychology. He is a distinguished scholar, public speaker, and author. [1] Akbar entered the world of Black psychology in the 1960s, as the Black Power Movement was gaining momentum. [2]
Williams's theory led to him constructing his own standardized test, the Black Intelligence Test of Cultural Homogeneity or BITCH-100, which he predicted would result in higher testing scores for African American's. [11] The test was created by drawing from a glossary of African-American speech and personal experience.
Francis Cecil Sumner (December 7, 1895 – January 11, 1954) was an American leader in education reform.He is commonly referred to as the "Father of Black Psychology." He is primarily known for being the first African American to receive a Ph.D. in psychology (in 1920). [1]
His theory assumed that African Americans are "believed to be socialized into the predominant culture, which resulted in diminished racial identification", [1] and thus the Nigrescence model posits that an encounter with an instance of racism or racial discrimination may precipitate the exploration and formation of racial identity, and foster a ...