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Surface tension is an important factor in the phenomenon of capillarity. Surface tension has the dimension of force per unit length, or of energy per unit area. [4] The two are equivalent, but when referring to energy per unit of area, it is common to use the term surface energy, which is a more general term in the sense that it applies also to ...
Water potential is the potential energy of water per unit volume relative to pure water in reference conditions. Water potential quantifies the tendency of water to move from one area to another due to osmosis, gravity, mechanical pressure and matrix effects such as capillary action (which is caused by surface tension).
The ordinary stress is then reduced to a scalar (tension or compression of the bar), but one must take into account also a bending stress (that tries to change the bar's curvature, in some direction perpendicular to the axis) and a torsional stress (that tries to twist or un-twist it about its axis).
Tension is the pulling or stretching force transmitted axially along an object such as a string, rope, chain, rod, truss member, or other object, so as to stretch or pull apart the object. In terms of force, it is the opposite of compression .
Water drops on a leaf Water drops falling from a tap. A drop or droplet is a small column of liquid, bounded completely or almost completely by free surfaces.A drop may form when liquid accumulates at the end of a tube or other surface boundary, producing a hanging drop called a pendant drop.
Cohesion allows for surface tension, creating a "solid-like" state upon which light-weight or low-density materials can be placed. Mercury exhibits more cohesion than adhesion with glass Rain water flux from a canopy. Among the forces that govern drop formation: cohesion, surface tension, Van der Waals force, Plateau–Rayleigh instability
This is in contrast to a sharp surface for which the major change in property (e.g. density or composition) is discontinuous, and is generally confined to a depth of one interplanar distance. [9] [10] Whether or not the surface is singular: a singular surface is one in which the surface tension as a function of orientation has a pointed minimum ...
Stress corrosion cracking caused by tension developed in an unsuitably welded reinforcement collar A close-up of the surface of a steel pipeline showing stress corrosion cracking (two clusters of small black lines) revealed by magnetic particle inspection. Cracks which would normally have been invisible are detectable due to the magnetic ...