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The Irish Free State (6 December 1922 – 29 December 1937), also known by its Irish name Saorstát Éireann (English: / ˌ s ɛər s t ɑː t ˈ ɛər ə n / SAIR-staht AIR-ən, [4] Irish: [ˈsˠiːɾˠsˠt̪ˠaːt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]), was a state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921.
Free Stater, or pro-Treatyite, [1] were terms, often used by opponents, to describe those in Ireland who supported the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 that led to the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922. [2] The pro-Treaty side included members of the Old IRA who had fought the British during the recent Irish War of Independence.
The Irish state came into being in 1919 as the 32 county Irish Republic.In 1922, having seceded from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, it became the Irish Free State.
The term free state was deliberately chosen as a literal translation of the Irish word saorstát. At the time in which Irish nationalist leaders (who generally favoured a republican form of government) were negotiating the secession of most of Ireland from the United Kingdom , the word saorstát was a commonly used Irish-language word for ...
The state known today as Ireland is the successor state to the Irish Free State, which existed from December 1922 to December 1937.At its foundation, the Irish Free State was, in accordance with its constitution and the terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, governed as a constitutional monarchy, in personal union with the monarchy of the United Kingdom and other members of what was then called the ...
Under British constitutional legal theory, the Constitution of the Irish Free State (Saorstát Éireann) Act 1922 held the force of law because of the enactment of the United Kingdom's Irish Free State Constitution Act 1922. However, under Irish law the constitution "derived its authority not from the Act of the imperial parliament passed on ...
Note that Saorstát Éireann is the Irish-language translation of Irish Free State, the name of the independent Irish state before 1937. Speaking at the 1916 Easter Rising commemoration at Arbour Hill in Dublin during 1998, Taoiseach Bertie Ahern said:
It did so by making an address to the King requesting, "that the powers of the Parliament and Government of the Irish Free State shall no longer extend to Northern Ireland." [40] The Irish Free State was a constitutional monarchy sharing a monarch with the United Kingdom and other Dominions of the British Commonwealth.