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  2. Citrulline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrulline

    The organic compound citrulline is an α-amino acid. [2] Its name is derived from citrullus, the Latin word for watermelon.Although named and described by gastroenterologists since the late 19th century, it was first isolated from watermelon in 1914 by Japanese researchers Yatarō Koga (古賀彌太郎) and Ryō Ōtake (大嶽了) [3] [4] and further codified by Mitsunori Wada of Tokyo ...

  3. Citrin deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrin_Deficiency

    Citrin is an aspartate-glutamate carrier protein localized at the inner mitochondrial membrane and is mainly expressed in the liver. It is an important component of the malate-aspartate shuttle that facilitates the transfer of NADH from the cytosol to the mitochondria to maintain redox balance and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.

  4. Citrullination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrullination

    Citrulline is not one of the 20 standard amino acids encoded by DNA in the genetic code. Instead, it is the result of a post-translational modification. Citrullination is distinct from the formation of the free amino acid citrulline as part of the urea cycle or as a byproduct of enzymes of the nitric oxide synthase family.

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  6. β-Alanine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Alanine

    β-Alanine (beta-alanine) is a naturally occurring beta amino acid, which is an amino acid in which the amino group is attached to the β-carbon (i.e. the carbon two carbon atoms away from the carboxylate group) instead of the more usual α-carbon for alanine (α-alanine). The IUPAC name for β-alanine is 3-aminopropanoic acid.

  7. Non-proteinogenic amino acids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-proteinogenic_amino_acids

    Lysine. Technically, any organic compound with an amine (–NH 2) and a carboxylic acid (–COOH) functional group is an amino acid. The proteinogenic amino acids are a small subset of this group that possess a central carbon atom (α- or 2-) bearing an amino group, a carboxyl group, a side chain and an α-hydrogen levo conformation, with the exception of glycine, which is achiral, and proline ...

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