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  2. Winemaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winemaking

    Winemaking, wine-making, or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine -making stretches over millennia.

  3. Fermentation in winemaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation_in_winemaking

    The natural occurrence of fermentation means it was probably first observed long ago by humans. [3] The earliest uses of the word "fermentation" in relation to winemaking was in reference to the apparent "boiling" within the must that came from the anaerobic reaction of the yeast to the sugars in the grape juice and the release of carbon dioxide.

  4. Glossary of winemaking terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_winemaking_terms

    A wine that starts out as a lighter bodied and perhaps weaker flavor that is blended with a stronger, more robust wine. Sparging A process of adding carbonic gas to a wine just before bottling in order to add some slight effervescence to the wine. Spinning cone column Used to reduce the amount of alcohol in a wine. Stabilization

  5. Clarification and stabilization of wine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarification_and...

    The wine can then be siphoned or "racked" off the compact solids into a new container. [3] But this process may take many months, or even years, as well as several rackings, in order to produce a perfectly clear wine. Producers can accelerate the process by using fining agents, filtration and/or flotation. [1]

  6. Malolactic fermentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malolactic_fermentation

    A winemaker running a paper chromatography test to determine whether a wine has completed malolactic fermentation. Malolactic conversion (also known as malolactic fermentation or MLF) is a process in winemaking in which tart-tasting malic acid, naturally present in grape must, is converted to softer-tasting lactic acid.

  7. Maceration (wine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maceration_(wine)

    The process itself is a slow one with compounds such as the anthocyanins needing to pass through the cell membrane of the skins to come into contact with the wine. During fermentation, higher temperatures and higher alcohol levels can encourage this process with the alcohol acting as a solvent to assist in the breakdown of the organic compounds ...

  8. Annual growth cycle of grapevines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annual_growth_cycle_of...

    The annual growth cycle of grapevines is the process that takes place in the vineyard each year, beginning with bud break in the spring and culminating in leaf fall in autumn followed by winter dormancy. From a winemaking perspective, each step in the process plays a vital role in the development of grapes with ideal characteristics for making ...

  9. Harvest (wine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvest_(wine)

    The harvesting of wine grapes is one of the most crucial steps in the process of wine-making. The time of harvest is determined primarily by the ripeness of the grape as measured by sugar , acid and tannin levels with winemakers basing their decision to pick based on the style of wine they wish to produce.

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