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The Johor Sultanate was founded in 1528 by Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II (1528–1564) and was based at Pekan Tua. [4] Muzaffar Shah went on to establish Perak . [ 4 ] Although Alauddin Riayat Shah II and his successor had to contend with attacks by the Portuguese in Malacca and by the Acehnese in Sumatra, they managed to maintain their hold ...
Map of the Dominion of Johor, 1727. After the fall of Malacca in 1511 to the Portuguese, the Johor Sultanate was established by Sultan Mahmud Shah of Malacca's son, Ala'udin Ri'ayat Shah II, in 1528 when he moved the royal court to the Johor River and set up his royal residence in Johor Lama.
Only kingdoms and tribal kingdoms as per Elman Service's classifications that were once independent are included, excluding bands, tribes, and most chiefdoms.The intercontinental Islamic empires that covered parts of North and Northeast Africa are not included, and should be discussed as part of the Muslim world, however the residual fragments that had their capital on the continent of Africa are.
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Modern Johor: Abu Bakar T.S.M r. 1862–1868 Maharaja r. 1868–1886 Sultan (1) r. 1886–1895: Ibrahim (2) r. 1895–1959: Ismail (3) r. 1959–1981: Iskandar (4) r. 1981–2010 YDP Agong VIII r. 1984–1989: House of Siak-Perak: House of Bendahara-Pahang: Raja Zarith Sofiah Permaisuri Johor r. 2010–present Raja Permaisuri Agong XVII r. 2024 ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Ghana: Ghana – sovereign country in West Africa in Africa. [1] The word "Ghana" means "Warrior King", [2] and was the source of the name "Guinea" (via French Guinoye) used to refer to the West African coast (as in Gulf of Guinea).
Currently, the role of bendahara has been taken over by first minister (Malay: Menteri Besar) with the constitutional monarchy system via Johor State Constitution. The sultan is the constitutional head of state of Johor. The sultan has his own independent military force, the Royal Johor Military Force (Malay: Askar Timbalan Setia Negeri Johor ...
The Ghana Empire (Arabic: غانا), also known as simply Ghana, [2] Ghanata, or Wagadu, was a West African classical to post-classical era western-Sahelian empire based in the modern-day southeast of Mauritania and western Mali. It is uncertain among historians when Ghana's ruling dynasty began.