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Toilets come in various forms around the world, including flush toilets used by sitting or squatting, and dry toilets like pit latrines. A toilet[ n 1 ] is a piece of sanitary hardware that collects human urine and feces, and sometimes toilet paper, usually for disposal. Flush toilets use water, while dry or non-flush toilets do not.
Ballcock. A ballcock (also balltap or float valve) is a mechanism or machine for filling water tanks, such as those found in flush toilets, while avoiding overflow and (in the event of low water pressure) backflow. The modern ballcock was invented by José Antonio de Alzate y Ramírez, a Mexican priest and scientist, who described the device in ...
A typical flush toilet is a fixed, vitreous ceramic bowl (also known as a pan) which is connected to a drain. After use, the bowl is emptied and cleaned by the rapid flow of water into the bowl. This flush may flow from a dedicated tank (cistern), a high-pressure water pipe controlled by a flush valve, or by manually pouring water into the bowl.
A traditional gravity toilet tank concluding the flush cycle. The modern toilet utilises a cistern to reserve and hold the correct amount of water required to flush the toilet bowl. In earlier toilets, the cistern was located high above the toilet bowl and connected to it by a long pipe.
A dual flush toilet; note the two buttons at the top of the cistern. A dual flush toilet is a variation of the flush toilet that uses two buttons or a handle mechanism to flush different amounts of water. The purpose of this mechanism is to reduce the volume of water used to flush different types of waste. The design takes advantage of the fact ...
Pit latrine. A pit latrine, also known as pit toilet, is a type of toilet that collects human waste in a hole in the ground. [2] Urine and feces enter the pit through a drop hole in the floor, which might be connected to a toilet seat or squatting pan for user comfort. [2] Pit latrines can be built to function without water (dry toilet) or they ...
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