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  2. Urinary cast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_cast

    Urinary casts are microscopic cylindrical structures produced by the kidney and present in the urine in certain disease states. They form in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts of nephrons, then dislodge and pass into the urine, where they can be detected by microscopy . They form via precipitation of Tamm–Horsfall mucoprotein ...

  3. Commensalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commensalism

    Commensalism is a long-term biological interaction ( symbiosis) in which members of one species gain benefits while those of the other species neither benefit nor are harmed. [1] This is in contrast with mutualism, in which both organisms benefit from each other; amensalism, where one is harmed while the other is unaffected; and parasitism ...

  4. Pedigree chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedigree_chart

    Definition. The word pedigree is a corruption of the Anglo-Norman French pé de grue or "crane's foot", either because the typical lines and split lines (each split leading to different offspring of the one parent line) resemble the thin leg and foot of a crane or because such a mark was used to denote succession in pedigree charts.

  5. Genus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus

    The hierarchy of biological classification's eight major taxonomic ranks.A family contains one or more genera. Intermediate minor rankings are not shown. Genus (/ ˈ dʒ iː n ə s / pl.: genera / ˈ dʒ ɛ n ər ə /) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.

  6. Glossary of biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_biology

    This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...

  7. Pattern formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_formation

    In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis, the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo.

  8. Family (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)

    Family ( Latin: familia, pl.: familiae) is one of the nine major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. [1] A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are ...

  9. Subspecies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspecies

    In biological classification, subspecies ( pl.: subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics ( morphology ), but that can successfully interbreed. [2] [3] Not all species have subspecies, but for those that do there must be at least two.