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In Earth's atmosphere, carbon dioxide is a trace gas that plays an integral part in the greenhouse effect, carbon cycle, photosynthesis and oceanic carbon cycle. It is one of three main greenhouse gases in the atmosphere of Earth. Water vapor is the primary greenhouse gas, as of 2010, contributing 50% of the greenhouse effect, followed by ...
The global carbon dioxide partitioning (atmospheric CO 2, land sink, and ocean sink) averaged over the historical period (1900–2020) The airborne fraction is a scaling factor defined as the ratio of the annual increase in atmospheric CO. 2 to the CO. 2 emissions from human sources. [1] It represents the proportion of human emitted CO 2 that ...
Keeling Curve. Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) concentrations from 1958 to 2023. The Keeling Curve is a graph of the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere based on continuous measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory on the island of Hawaii from 1958 to the present day. The curve is named for the scientist Charles ...
By mole fraction (i.e., by quantity of molecules), dry air contains 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other trace gases. Air also contains a variable amount of water vapor , on average around 1% at sea level, and 0.4% over the entire atmosphere.
Atmospheric carbon cycle. Schematic representation of the overall perturbation of the global carbon cycle caused by anthropogenic activities, averaged from 2010 to 2019. [ 1 ] The atmospheric carbon cycle accounts for the exchange of gaseous carbon compounds, primarily carbon dioxide (CO 2), between Earth's atmosphere, the oceans, and the ...
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. It absorbs and emits infrared radiationat its two infrared-active vibrational frequencies. The two wavelengthsare 4.26 μm(2,347 cm−1) (asymmetric stretching vibrational mode) and 14.99 μm (667 cm−1) (bending vibrational mode).
Artist's conception of OCO-2, the second successful high precision (better than 0.3%) CO 2 observing satellite. Space-based measurements of carbon dioxide (CO 2) are used to help answer questions about Earth's carbon cycle. There are a variety of active and planned instruments for measuring carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere from space.
The infrared atmospheric window is an atmospheric window in the infrared spectrum where there is relatively little absorption of terrestrial thermal radiation by atmospheric gases. [ 1 ] The window plays an important role in the atmospheric greenhouse effect by maintaining the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing IR to space.