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  2. Old Persian cuneiform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Persian_cuneiform

    Old Persian cuneiform is a semi-alphabetic cuneiform script that was the primary script for Old Persian. Texts written in this cuneiform have been found in Iran (Persepolis, Susa, Hamadan, Kharg Island), Armenia, Romania (Gherla), [1][2][3] Turkey (Van Fortress), and along the Suez Canal. [4] They were mostly inscriptions from the time period ...

  3. Decipherment of cuneiform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decipherment_of_cuneiform

    Old Persian alphabet, and proposed transcription of the Xerxes inscription, according to Georg Friedrich Grotefend. Initially published in 1815. [1] Grotefend only identified correctly eight letters among the thirty signs he had collated. [2] The decipherment of cuneiform began with the decipherment of Old Persian cuneiform between 1802 and 1836.

  4. Persian alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_alphabet

    Writing portal. The Persian alphabet (Persian: الفبای فارسی, romanized: Alefbâ-ye Fârsi), also known as the Perso-Arabic script, is the right-to-left alphabet used for the Persian language. It is a variation of the Arabic script with five additional letters: پ چ ژ گ (the sounds 'g', 'zh', 'ch', and 'p', respectively), in ...

  5. Cuneiform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuneiform

    Cuneiform scripts are marked by and named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions (Latin: cuneus) which form their signs. Cuneiform is the earliest known writing system [ 6 ][ 7 ] and was originally developed to write the Sumerian language of southern Mesopotamia (modern Iraq).

  6. Akkadian language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkadian_language

    Akkadian belongs with the other Semitic languages in the Near Eastern branch of the Afroasiatic languages, a family native to Middle East, Arabian Peninsula, parts of Anatolia, parts of the Horn of Africa, North Africa, Malta, Canary Islands and parts of West Africa (Hausa).

  7. Medes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medes

    The Medes[ N 1 ] were an ancient Iranian people who spoke the Median language [ N 2 ] and who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day ...

  8. Old Persian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Persian

    Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire). Like other Old Iranian languages, it was known to its native speakers as ariya (Iranian). [1][2] Old Persian is close to both Avestan and the language of the Rig Veda, the ...

  9. Persian calligraphy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_calligraphy

    Abol Atighetchi uses combination of colored naskh, suluth and kufic style calligraphy with large letters in a single large format acrylic painting for his work presentation and circles in gold leaf or simple color to decorate but in the Nastaligh style many colorful geometrical forms and lines are used to modernize the painting and the same technique is used to modernize the large format birds ...