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  2. Comparison of programming languages (syntax) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    The enclosed text becomes a string literal, which Python usually ignores (except when it is the first statement in the body of a module, class or function; see docstring). Elixir The above trick used in Python also works in Elixir, but the compiler will throw a warning if it spots this.

  3. Modulo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulo

    In computing, the modulo operation returns the remainder or signed remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another, called the modulus of the operation. Given two positive numbers a and n, a modulo n (often abbreviated as a mod n) is the remainder of the Euclidean division of a by n, where a is the dividend and n is the divisor. [1]

  4. Comparison of programming languages (basic instructions)

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    ^k Ada modulo types implement modulo arithmetic in all operations, i.e. no range violations are possible. Modulos are not restricted to powers of two. Modulos are not restricted to powers of two. ^l Commonly used for characters like Java's char.

  5. Magic number (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_number_(programming)

    While such acceptance is subjective, and often depends on individual coding habits, the following are common examples: the use of 0 and 1 as initial or incremental values in a for loop, such as for (int i = 0; i < max; i += 1) the use of 2 to check whether a number is even or odd, as in isEven = (x % 2 == 0), where % is the modulo operator

  6. Comparison of programming languages (array) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    For example, to perform an element by element sum of two arrays, a and b to produce a third c, it is only necessary to write c = a + b In addition to support for vectorized arithmetic and relational operations, these languages also vectorize common mathematical functions such as sine. For example, if x is an array, then y = sin (x)

  7. Fisher–Yates shuffle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle

    A simple and commonly used way to force such numbers into a desired range is to apply the modulo operator; [19] that is, to divide them by the size of the range and take the remainder. However, the need in a Fisher–Yates shuffle to generate random numbers in every range from 0–1 to 0– n almost guarantees that some of these ranges will not ...

  8. Modular exponentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_exponentiation

    Modular exponentiation is the remainder when an integer b (the base) is raised to the power e (the exponent), and divided by a positive integer m (the modulus); that is, c = b e mod m. From the definition of division, it follows that 0 ≤ c < m. For example, given b = 5, e = 3 and m = 13, dividing 5 3 = 125 by 13 leaves a remainder of c = 8.

  9. Multiplicative order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative_order

    The multiplicative order of a number a modulo n is the order of a in the multiplicative group whose elements are the residues modulo n of the numbers coprime to n, and whose group operation is multiplication modulo n. This is the group of units of the ring Z n; it has φ(n) elements, φ being Euler's totient function, and is denoted as U(n) or ...