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  2. List of HTTP status codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes

    This class of status code indicates the client must take additional action to complete the request. Many of these status codes are used in URL redirection. [2]A user agent may carry out the additional action with no user interaction only if the method used in the second request is GET or HEAD.

  3. List of FTP server return codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_FTP_server_return...

    500 Series: Syntax error, command unrecognized and the requested action did not take place. This may include errors such as command line too long. 501:

  4. Threshold cryptosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshold_cryptosystem

    Threshold versions of encryption or signature schemes can be built for many asymmetric cryptographic schemes. The natural goal of such schemes is to be as secure as the original scheme. Such threshold versions have been defined by the above and by the following: [7] Damgård–Jurik cryptosystem [8] [9] DSA [10] [11] ElGamal

  5. Padding oracle attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_oracle_attack

    In cryptography, a padding oracle attack is an attack which uses the padding validation of a cryptographic message to decrypt the ciphertext. In cryptography, variable-length plaintext messages often have to be padded (expanded) to be compatible with the underlying cryptographic primitive.

  6. Encryption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encryption

    Public-key encryption was first described in a secret document in 1973; [14] beforehand, all encryption schemes were symmetric-key (also called private-key). [ 15 ] : 478 Although published subsequently, the work of Diffie and Hellman was published in a journal with a large readership, and the value of the methodology was explicitly described ...

  7. Block cipher mode of operation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_mode_of_operation

    A number of modes of operation have been designed to combine secrecy and authentication in a single cryptographic primitive. Examples of such modes are , [12] integrity-aware cipher block chaining (IACBC) [clarification needed], integrity-aware parallelizable mode (IAPM), [13] OCB, EAX, CWC, CCM, and GCM.

  8. Deep packet inspection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection

    By being able to charge for a "walled garden", per application, per service, or "all-you-can-eat" rather than a "one-size-fits-all" package, the operator can tailor their offerings to the individual subscriber and increase their average revenue per user (ARPU). A policy is created per user or user group, and the DPI system in turn enforces that ...

  9. Padding (cryptography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_(cryptography)

    In cryptography, padding is any of a number of distinct practices which all include adding data to the beginning, middle, or end of a message prior to encryption. In classical cryptography, padding may include adding nonsense phrases to a message to obscure the fact that many messages end in predictable ways, e.g. sincerely yours.