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A pericardial effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity. The pericardium is a two-part membrane surrounding the heart: the outer fibrous connective membrane and an inner two-layered serous membrane. The two layers of the serous membrane enclose the pericardial cavity (the potential space) between them. [1]
In patients with ischemic heart disease there is an accumulation of angiogenic growth factors in the pericardial fluid. These contribute to angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) and arteriogenesis (the increase in diameter of existing arterioles). This helps to prevent myocardial ischemia (lack of oxygen to the heart). [6]
Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade (/ ˌ t æ m. p ə ˈ n eɪ d / [4]), is a compression of the heart due to pericardial effusion (the build-up of pericardial fluid in the sac around the heart). [2] Onset may be rapid or gradual. [2]
Plaque build-up often doesn’t cause symptoms, but it can block blood flow to vital organs like your heart. Coronary artery disease occurs when atherosclerosis affects the arteries supplying ...
It remains unknown if surgery is superior to optimal medical therapy. The STICH trial (Surgical Treatment for IschemiC Heart Failure) will examine the role of medical treatment, coronary artery bypass surgery and left ventricle remodeling surgery in heart failure patients. Results are expected to be published in 2009 [needs update] and 2011. [56]
Fluid retention can be a symptom of underlying conditions such as kidney disease, heart failure and liver disease, says Badgett. Certain cancers and cancer treatments can cause edema.
This extra fluid in the lungs causes crackles or rales to be heard on auscultation while the patient breathes. If enough fluid fills some of these capillaries in the lungs, they can rupture, leaking blood into the alveoli. Alveolar macrophages then eat up these red blood cells, which causes them to take on this brownish color from iron build-up.
Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (British English), and also known as fluid retention, dropsy and hydropsy, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue, [1] a type of swelling. [4] Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected. [1] Symptoms may include skin that feels tight, the area feeling heavy, and joint stiffness. [1]