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Utility means usefulness. For example, suppose someone encrypted data on disk to prevent unauthorized access or undetected modifications–and then lost the decryption key: that would be a breach of utility. The data would be confidential, controlled, integral, authentic, and available–they just wouldn't be useful in that form.
A hidden camera allows the attacker to capture the whole login process and other confidential data of the victim, which ultimately could lead to financial loss or identity theft. [3] Shoulder surfing is more likely to occur in crowded places because it is easier to observe the information without getting the victim's attention. [ 4 ]
Confidential computing is a security and privacy-enhancing computational technique focused on protecting data in use.Confidential computing can be used in conjunction with storage and network encryption, which protect data at rest and data in transit respectively.
Information security is the practice of protecting information by mitigating information risks. It is part of information risk management. [1] It typically involves preventing or reducing the probability of unauthorized or inappropriate access to data or the unlawful use, disclosure, disruption, deletion, corruption, modification, inspection, recording, or devaluation of information.
A trade secret is a form of intellectual property comprising confidential information that is not generally known or readily ascertainable, derives economic value from its secrecy, and is protected by reasonable efforts to maintain its confidentiality. [1] [2] [3] Well-known examples include the Coca-Cola formula and the recipe for Kentucky ...
Shortly before America's involvement in World War II Franklin D. Roosevelt signs Executive Order 8381, creating the three security levels for his country's most important documents – Restricted, Confidential, and Secret. [2]
Data entry is the process of digitizing data by entering it into a computer system for organization and management purposes. It is a person-based process [ 1 ] and is "one of the important basic" [ 2 ] tasks needed when no machine-readable version of the information is readily available for planned computer-based analysis or processing.
Encryption is also used to protect data in transit, for example data being transferred via networks (e.g. the Internet, e-commerce), mobile telephones, wireless microphones, wireless intercom systems, Bluetooth devices and bank automatic teller machines. There have been numerous reports of data in transit being intercepted in recent years. [25]