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  2. Null object pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_object_pattern

    In object-oriented computer programming, a null object is an object with no referenced value or with defined neutral (null) behavior.The null object design pattern, which describes the uses of such objects and their behavior (or lack thereof), was first published as "Void Value" [1] and later in the Pattern Languages of Program Design book series as "Null Object".

  3. Safe navigation operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safe_navigation_operator

    In object-oriented programming, the safe navigation operator (also known as optional chaining operator, safe call operator, null-conditional operator, null-propagation operator) is a binary operator that returns null if its first argument is null; otherwise it performs a dereferencing operation as specified by the second argument (typically an ...

  4. Comparison of data-serialization formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_data...

    Name Creator-maintainer Based on ... Java Object Serialization: Yes No Yes No Yes — ... Associative array/Object; Ion: null null.null null.bool null.int

  5. Type signature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_signature

    In Java, a method signature is composed of a name and the number, type, and order of its parameters. Return types and thrown exceptions are not considered to be a part of the method signature, nor are the names of parameters; they are ignored by the compiler for checking method uniqueness.

  6. Command pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_pattern

    In object-oriented programming, the command pattern is a behavioral design pattern in which an object is used to encapsulate all information needed to perform an action or trigger an event at a later time. This information includes the method name, the object that owns the method and values for the method parameters.

  7. Comparison of programming languages (object-oriented ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    Java class name« extends parentclass»« implements interfaces» { members} interface name« extends parentinterfaces» {members } package name; members: PHP namespace name; members: Objective-C @interface name« : parentclass» [8] «< protocols >» { instance_fields} method_and_property_declarations @end @implementation name method ...

  8. Factory method pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_method_pattern

    In object-oriented programming, the factory method pattern is a design pattern that uses factory methods to deal with the problem of creating objects without having to specify their exact classes. Rather than by calling a constructor , this is accomplished by invoking a factory method to create an object.

  9. Double-checked locking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-checked_locking

    Check that the variable is initialized (without obtaining the lock). If it is initialized, return it immediately. Obtain the lock. Double-check whether the variable has already been initialized: if another thread acquired the lock first, it may have already done the initialization. If so, return the initialized variable.