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2. Optical amplifier - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_amplifier

   An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed. Optical amplifiers are important in optical communication and laser physics.

3. Optical parametric amplifier - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_parametric_amplifier

   An optical parametric amplifier, abbreviated OPA, is a laser light source that emits light of variable wavelengths by an optical parametric amplification process. It is essentially the same as an optical parametric oscillator , but without the optical cavity (i.e., the light beams pass through the apparatus just once or twice, rather than many ...

4. Klystron - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klystron

   An electronic oscillator can be made from a klystron tube, by providing a feedback path from output to input by connecting the "catcher" and "buncher" cavities with a coaxial cable or waveguide. When the device is turned on, electronic noise in the cavity is amplified by the tube and fed back from the output catcher to the buncher cavity to be ...

5. Variable-gain amplifier - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-gain_amplifier

   A variable-gain (VGA) or voltage-controlled amplifier (VCA) is an electronic amplifier that varies its gain depending on a control voltage (often abbreviated CV). VCAs have many applications, including audio level compression , synthesizers and amplitude modulation .

6. Transimpedance amplifier - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transimpedance_amplifier

   The other input of the op-amp is also connected to ground. This provides a low-impedance load for the photodiode, which keeps the photodiode voltage low. The photodiode is operating in photovoltaic mode with no external bias. The high gain of the op-amp keeps the photodiode current equal to the feedback current through R f. The input offset ...

7. Operational amplifier applications - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_amplifier...

   Many commercial op-amp offerings provide a method for tuning the operational amplifier to balance the inputs (e.g., "offset null" or "balance" pins that can interact with an external voltage source attached to a potentiometer). Alternatively, a tunable external voltage can be added to one of the inputs in order to balance out the offset effect.