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The practice entails the targeted removal of diseased, damaged, dead, non-productive, structurally unsound, or otherwise unwanted plant material from crop and landscape plants. In general, the smaller the branch that is cut, the easier it is for a woody plant to compartmentalize the wound and thus limit the potential for pathogen intrusion and ...
Girdling prevents the tree from sending nutrients from its foliage to its roots, resulting in the death of the tree over time, and it can also prevent flow of nutrients in the other direction depending on how much of the xylem is removed. A branch completely girdled will fail; and, when the main trunk of a tree is girdled, the entire tree will ...
Older phellem cells are dead, as is the case with woody stems. The skin on the potato tuber (which is an underground stem) constitutes the cork of the periderm. [30] [31] In woody plants, the epidermis of newly grown stems is replaced by the periderm later in the year.
Coarse woody debris (CWD) or coarse woody habitat (CWH) refers to fallen dead trees and the remains of large branches on the ground in forests [1] and in rivers or wetlands. [2] A dead standing tree, known as a snag, provides many of the same functions as coarse woody debris. The minimum size required for woody debris to be defined as "coarse ...
A community apple orchard originally planted for productive use during the 1920s, in Westcliff on Sea (Essex, England), illustrating long neglected trees that have recently been pruned to renew their health and cropping potential. Fruit tree pruning is the cutting and removing of selected parts of a fruit tree.
All oak trees may display foliage marcescence, even species that are known to fully drop leaves when the tree is mature. [7] Marcescent leaves of pin oak (Quercus palustris) complete development of their abscission layer in the spring. [8] The base of the petiole remains alive over the winter. Many other trees may have marcescent leaves in ...
Some people have been known to top trees in order to stimulate new growth. When a tree is topped, many adventitious shoots, known as suckers begin to grow from the wound. This is the tree's response to the sudden loss of leaves. Although the tree is able to produce an abundance of suckers, they are susceptible to numerous problems.
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that have fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the litter layer or O horizon ("O ...