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The Lancet was founded in 1823 by Thomas Wakley, an English surgeon who named it after the surgical instrument called a lancet (scalpel). [3] According to BBC, the journal was initially considered to be radical following its founding.
Twenty-four hours before the 2004 Sunday Times report by Deer, The Lancet ' s editor Richard Horton responded to the investigation in a public statement, describing Wakefield's research as "fatally flawed" and said he believed the paper would have been rejected as biased if the peer reviewers had been aware of Wakefield's conflict of interest. [63]
Egocentric bias is the tendency to rely too heavily on one's own perspective and/or have a different perception of oneself relative to others. [35] The following are forms of egocentric bias: Bias blind spot, the tendency to see oneself as less biased than other people, or to be able to identify more cognitive biases in others than in oneself. [36]
The social process of peer review aims to mitigate the effect of individual scientists' biases, even though the peer review process itself may be susceptible to such biases [99] [100] [93] [101] [102] Confirmation bias may thus be especially harmful to objective evaluations regarding nonconforming results since biased individuals may regard ...
Furthermore, there is strong evidence that the average statistical power of a study in many scientific fields is well below the benchmark level of 0.8. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Given the realities of bias, low statistical power, and a small number of true hypotheses, Ioannidis concludes that the majority of studies in a variety of scientific fields ...
Richard Charles Horton (born 29 December 1961) is editor-in-chief of The Lancet, a United Kingdom–based medical journal.He is an honorary professor at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University College London, and the University of Oslo.
In double-blind peer review, which has been fashioned by sociology journals in the 1950s [57] and remains more common in the social sciences and humanities than in the natural sciences, [citation needed] the identity of the authors is concealed from the reviewers ("blinded"), and vice versa, lest the knowledge of authorship or concern about ...
The Lancet letter (also referred to as Calisher et al. 2020) was a statement made in support of scientists and medical professionals in China fighting the outbreak of COVID-19, and condemning theories suggesting that the virus does not have a natural origin, which it referred to as "conspiracy theories".