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  2. Kepler's laws of planetary motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler's_laws_of_planetary...

    The speed of the planet in the main orbit is constant. Despite being correct in saying that the planets revolved around the Sun, Copernicus was incorrect in defining their orbits. Introducing physical explanations for movement in space beyond just geometry, Kepler correctly defined the orbit of planets as follows: [1] [2] [5]: 53–54

  3. Grand tack hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Tack_Hypothesis

    Jupiter might have shaped the Solar System on its grand tack. In planetary astronomy, the grand tack hypothesis proposes that Jupiter formed at a distance of 3.5 AU from the Sun, then migrated inward to 1.5 AU, before reversing course due to capturing Saturn in an orbital resonance, eventually halting near its current orbit at 5.2 AU.

  4. Jupiter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter

    Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.It is a gas giant with a mass more than 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined and slightly less than one-thousandth the mass of the Sun.

  5. File:Jupiter diagram.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jupiter_diagram.svg

    This image has been assessed under the valued image criteria and is considered the most valued image on Commons within the scope Jupiter, diagram. See its nomination here . This is a featured picture on the English language Wikipedia ( Featured pictures ) and is considered one of the finest images.

  6. Orbital mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_mechanics

    When an engine thrust or propulsive force is present, Newton's laws still apply, but Kepler's laws are invalidated. When the thrust stops, the resulting orbit will be different but will once again be described by Kepler's laws which have been set out above. The three laws are: The orbit of every planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the foci.

  7. Exoplanet orbital and physical parameters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exoplanet_orbital_and...

    Periastron precession is the rotation of a planet's orbit within the orbital plane, i.e. the axes of the ellipse change direction. In the Solar System, perturbations from other planets are the main cause, but for close-in exoplanets the largest factor can be tidal forces between the star and planet.

  8. Deferent and epicycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deferent_and_epicycle

    Each night the planet appeared to lag a little behind the stars, in what is called prograde motion. Near opposition, the planet would appear to reverse and move through the night sky faster than the stars for a time in retrograde motion before reversing again and resuming prograde. Epicyclic theory, in part, sought to explain this behavior.

  9. De motu corporum in gyrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_motu_corporum_in_gyrum

    (Translation: 'The major planets orbit, therefore, in ellipses having a focus at the center of the Sun, and with their radii (vectores) drawn to the Sun describe areas proportional to the times, altogether (Latin: 'omnino') as Kepler supposed.') (This conclusion is reached after taking as initial fact the observed proportionality between square ...