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The coxal gland is thought to be homologous with the antennal gland of crustaceans. The gland consists of an end sac (saccule), a long duct (labyrinth) and a terminal bladder (reservoir). [2] There is generally only one pair (two in some spiders), and they open on the coxae of the walking legs [1] or at the base of the second antennae in the ...
A tripartite structure is recorded from near the antennae, consisting of elevated walls arranged in a semicircle (likely to enlarge the surface for an excretory organ as in modern crustaceans), a pore representing an opening of the “antennal gland” (the purpose of which is unknown) and a sickle-shaped furrow surrounding this pore.
Opioid peptides and opioid receptors occur naturally in crustaceans, and although it was concluded in 2005 "at present no certain conclusion can be drawn", [3] more recent considerations suggest their presence along with related physiological and behavioural responses as indicating that crustaceans may experience pain.
The most recent COVID-19 vaccine should offer protection against the XEC variant, Russo says. “The most recent version of the vaccine seems to be reasonably well-matched,” he says.
Symptoms of COVID-19. Some less common symptoms of COVID-19 can be relatively non-specific; however the most common symptoms are fever, dry cough, and loss of taste and smell. [1] [22] Among those who develop symptoms, approximately one in five may become more seriously ill and have difficulty in breathing.
Antennae (sg.: antenna) (sometimes referred to as "feelers") are paired appendages used for sensing in arthropods. Antennae are connected to the first one or two segments of the arthropod head. They vary widely in form but are always made of one or more jointed segments.
In Crustacea, the saccate metanephridia are associated with the antennae and form the antennal gland. In freshwater crustacea , the saccate metanephridia are especially large due to their role in osmoregulation; crustacea must remove large amounts of water from the tissues, as the cells are hypertonic to the surrounding water.
Paragonimiasis is a food-borne parasitic disease caused by several species of lung flukes belonging to genus Paragonimus. [4] Infection is acquired by eating crustaceans such as crabs and crayfishes which host the infective forms called metacercariae, or by eating raw or undercooked meat of mammals harboring the metacercariae from crustaceans.