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'Bourgeois' W---r, and His Squaw (A French trapper and a Native American woman) 1858–1860, by Alfred Jacob Miller (1810–1874) Furthermore, relations between the coureur de bois and the natives often included a sexual dimension; marriage à la façon du pays (following local custom) was common between native women and coureurs des bois, and ...
The settlement of native refugees from the Beaver Wars in the western and northern Great Lakes combined with the decline of the Ottawa middlemen to create vast new markets for French traders. Resurgent Iroquoian warfare in the 1680s also stimulated the fur trade as native French allies bought weapons.
Toussaint Charbonneau (March 20, 1767 – August 12, 1843) was a French Canadian explorer, fur trapper and merchant who is best known for his role in the Lewis and Clark Expedition as the husband of Sacagawea.
Antoine Robidoux (September 24, 1794 – August 29, 1860) was a fur trapper and trader of French-Canadian descent best known for his exploits in the American Southwest in the first half of the 19th century. Signature of Antoine Robidoux in 1845
Shooting the Rapids, 1879 by Frances Anne Hopkins (1838–1919). Voyageurs (French: [vwajaʒœʁ] ⓘ; lit. ' travellers ') were 18th- and 19th-century French and later French Canadians and others who transported furs by canoe at the peak of the North American fur trade.
In turn, Native American demand influenced the trade of goods brought by Europeans. Economic contact between Native Americans and European colonists began in the early stages of European settlement. [1] From the 17th century to the 19th century, the English and French mainly traded for animal pelts and fur with Native Americans. [2]
Marriage à la façon du pays ([a la fa.sɔ̃ dy pɛ.i]; "according to the custom of the country") refers to the practice of common-law marriage between European fur traders and aboriginal or Métis women in the North American fur trade. [1]: 4 One historian, Sylvia Van Kirk, suggested these marriages were "the basis for a fur trade society". [2]
By 1841, the American Fur Company and the Rocky Mountain Fur Company were in ruins. By 1846, only some 50 American trappers still worked in the Snake River country, compared to 500 to 600 in 1826. Soon after the strategic victory by the HBC, the Snake River route was used by emigrants as the Oregon Trail, which brought a new form of competition.