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Data from 1971 to 1991–92 are based on official exchange rates. Data from 1992 to 1993 onward are based on FEDAI (Foreign Exchange Dealers' Association of India) indicative rates. Data from 1971 to 1972–73 for the Deutsche Mark and the Japanese Yen are cross rates with the US Dollar. The Euro replaced the Deutsche Mark w.e.f. January 1, 1999.
4.5 Indian Rupee as exchange rate anchor. 4.6 Other. ... [1] De facto exchange-rate arrangements in 2022 as classified by the International Monetary Fund.
Since 1991, the rupee has been under a floating exchange rate regime. [94] The first major impact on the rupee's exchange rate after independence was the devaluation of the pound sterling against the US dollar in 1949, which impacted currencies that maintained a peg to the sterling, which included the Indian rupee. [95]
In floating exchange rate regimes, exchange rates are determined in the foreign exchange market, [6] which is open to a wide range of different types of buyers and sellers, and where currency trading is continuous: 24 hours a day except weekends (i.e. trading from 20:15 GMT on Sunday until 22:00 GMT Friday).
[3] [4] The Economic Survey of India in 2014-15 stated India could target foreign exchange reserves of US$750 billion-US$1 Trillion. [5] India's foreign exchange reserves are mainly composed of the United States Dollar in the forms of United States government bonds and institutional bonds. [6] [7] with nearly 7.34% of forex reserves in gold.
The Indian rupee was the official currency of Dubai and Qatar until 1959, when India created a new Gulf rupee (also known as the "external rupee") to hinder the smuggling of gold. [16] The Gulf rupee was legal tender until 1966, when India significantly devalued the Indian rupee and a new Qatar-Dubai riyal was established to provide economic ...
At the time of independence (in 1947), India's currency was pegged to pound sterling, and the exchange rate was a shilling and six pence for a rupee — which worked out to ₹13.33 to the pound. [23] The dollar-pound exchange rate then was $4.03 to the pound, which in effect gave a rupee-dollar rate in 1947 of around ₹3.30.
India International Exchange (IFSC) Limited, also known as India INX, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange) Ltd. It is India's first international exchange located at the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) in Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City). India INX offers a wide range of products ...