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A gamma-ray laser, or graser, is a hypothetical device that would produce coherent gamma rays, just as an ordinary laser produces coherent rays of visible light. [1] Potential applications for gamma-ray lasers include medical imaging, spacecraft propulsion, and cancer treatment.
Plans call for the glass mirrors and 1064 nm lasers to be replaced by even larger 160 kg silicon test masses, cooled to 123 K (a temperature achievable with liquid nitrogen), and a change to a longer laser wavelength in the 1500–2200 nm range at which silicon is transparent. (Many documents assume a wavelength of 1550 nm, but this is not final.)
If a sufficient intensity is reached, a laser beam incident on a substrate (such as fused silica [1]) will cause the substrate to ionize and the resulting plasma will reflect the incoming beam with the qualities of an ordinary mirror. A single plasma mirror can be used only one time, as during the interaction the beam ionizes the substrate and ...
Plasmonic laser: Near infrared and ultraviolet: optically pumped [14] Nanoscale lithography, fabrication of ultra-fast photonic nano circuits, single-molecule biochemical sensing, and microscopy Phonon laser: microwave to Far-infrared: electrically pumped Investigation of terahertz-frequency ultrasound and optoelectronics: Gamma-ray laser ...
While many scientists remain optimistic that a breakthrough is near, an operational gamma-ray laser is yet to be realized. [84] Some of the early studies were directed toward short pulses of neutrons exciting the upper isomer state in a solid so the gamma-ray transition could benefit from the line-narrowing of Mössbauer effect.
In practice, gas lasers can use concave mirrors, flat mirrors, or a combination of both. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The divergence of high-quality laser beams is commonly less than 1 milliradian (3.4 arcmin ), and can be much less for large-diameter beams.
X-ray optics is the branch of optics dealing with X-rays, rather than visible light.It deals with focusing and other ways of manipulating the X-ray beams for research techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and X-ray astronomy.
Example of a particle collimator. A collimator is a device which narrows a beam of particles or waves. To narrow can mean either to cause the directions of motion to become more aligned in a specific direction (i.e., make collimated light or parallel rays), or to cause the spatial cross section of the beam to become smaller (beam limiting device).
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