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  2. Monosaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide

    For many monosaccharides (including glucose), the cyclic forms predominate, in the solid state and in solutions, and therefore the same name commonly is used for the open- and closed-chain isomers. Thus, for example, the term "glucose" may signify glucofuranose, glucopyranose, the open-chain form, or a mixture of the three.

  3. List of sugars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sugars

    Free sugar – all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to food and naturally present sugars in honey, syrups, and fruit juices (sugars inside cells, as in raw fruit, are not included) Fructose [1] – a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose

  4. Monosaccharide nomenclature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide_nomenclature

    Monosaccharide nomenclature is the naming system of the building blocks of carbohydrates, the monosaccharides, which may be monomers or part of a larger polymer. Monosaccharides are subunits that cannot be further hydrolysed in to simpler units.

  5. Oligosaccharide nomenclature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligosaccharide_nomenclature

    Two common examples are cellulose, a main component of the cell wall in plants, and starch, a name derived from the Anglo-Saxon stercan, meaning to stiffen. [2] To name a polysaccharide composed of a single type of monosaccharide, that is a homopolysaccharide, the ending “-ose” of the monosaccharide is replaced with “-an”. [3]

  6. Symbol Nomenclature For Glycans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbol_Nomenclature_For...

    When structures are drawn, the application produces both the CFG linear name and the GlycoCT which in turn can be used to get the GlyTouCan ID numbers for the glycan. [5] 3D-SNFG: For the cartoon representation of the SNFG in atomic models of carbohydrates. Here, the monosaccharides are depicted as large shapes, or icons centered within the ...

  7. Triose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triose

    A triose is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, containing three carbon atoms. There are only three possible trioses: the two enantiomers of glyceraldehyde, which are aldoses; and dihydroxyacetone, a ketose which is symmetrical and therefore has no enantiomers. [1] Trioses are important in cellular respiration.

  8. Heptose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptose

    A heptose is a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms. They have either an aldehyde functional group in position 1 (aldoheptoses) or a ketone functional group in position 2, 3 or 4 (ketoheptoses). Ketoheptoses have 4 chiral centers, whereas aldoheptoses have 5.

  9. Barfoed's test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barfoed's_test

    Barfoed's test is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of monosaccharides. It is based on the reduction of copper(II) acetate to copper(I) oxide (Cu 2 O), which forms a brick-red precipitate. [1] [2] RCHO + 2Cu 2+ + 2H 2 O → RCOOH + Cu 2 O↓ + 4H + (Disaccharides may also react, but the reaction is much slower.)