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A distal radius fracture, also known as wrist fracture, is a break of the part of the radius bone which is close to the wrist. [1] Symptoms include pain, bruising, and rapid-onset swelling. [1] The ulna bone may also be broken. [1] In younger people, these fractures typically occur during sports or a motor vehicle collision. [2]
With the patient's forearm slightly pronated, the examiner grasps the wrist from the radial side, placing his thumb on the scaphoid tuberosity (as if pushing a button to open a car door) and wrapping his fingers around the distal radius. The examiner's other hand grasps at the metacarpal level, controlling the wrist position.
The radial inclination of a distal radius fracture is shown in red in image at right. The angle is measured between: [4] [5] A line drawn between the distal ends of the articular surface of the radius on an AP view of the wrist. A line that is perpendicular to the diaphysis of the radius. Radial inclination is normally 21-25°. [6]
External rotation and abduction of shoulder [1] [2] Barton's fracture: John Rhea Barton: distal radius fracture involving the articular surface with dislocation of the radiocarpal joint: fall on outstretched hand: Barton's fracture at Whonamedit? Bennett's fracture: Edward Hallaran Bennett: intra-articular fracture of base of Thumb metacarpal
The radial styloid process is found on the lateral surface of the distal radius bone. [1] It extends obliquely downward into a strong, conical projection. The tendon of the brachioradialis attaches at its base. [2] The radial collateral ligament of the wrist attaches at its apex.
Dorsal rotation injury, such as when a drill binds and rotates the wrist instead of the bit, can also cause traumatic injuries. Injury may also occur from a distraction force applied to the volar forearm or wrist. Finally, tears of the TFCC are frequently found by patients with distal radius fractures. [7]
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The radius is a long bone, prism-shaped and slightly curved longitudinally. The radius is part of two joints: the elbow and the wrist. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus, and in a separate region, with the ulna at the radial notch. At the wrist, the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone.