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Chikungunya is an infection caused by the Alphavirus chikungunya (CHIKV). [7] [8] [5] The disease was first identified in 1952 in Tanzania and named based on the Kimakonde words for "to become contorted". [5] Symptoms include fever and joint pain. [4] These typically occur two to twelve days after exposure. [5]
Outbreaks of chikungunya, on average, have low mortality rates. [2] As it is generally a nonfatal disease, prevalence rates during most outbreaks are higher than incidence rates. [6] Recently, it was discovered that approximately 39% of the worldwide population resides in environments where the chikungunya virus is endemic. [7]
Chikungunya, a mosquito-borne disease whose name in the Makonde dialect of Africa means “bending over in pain,” has no specific treatment and can be debilitating and even deadly for newborns.
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
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Chikungunya is a vector-borne disease transmitted to humans by the bites of infected female mosquitoes which breed in clean water collections in containers, tanks, disposables, junk material in domestic and peri-domestic situations besides natural habitats like tree holes, plantations etc. These mosquitoes can be found biting throughout ...
Chikungunya is characterized by a sudden high fever and intense joint pain, between four and seven days after infection. [4] [7] It can also cause headaches, muscle pain, fatigue, and rashes. [8] Most infected patients recover within 10 days, and deaths are rare. However, in some cases joint pain can linger for months or years.
The Spanish Flu, the second deadliest pandemic in history after the bubonic plague, along with the aftermath of World War I and ensuing political and social chaos, made 1918 a tough time to be alive.