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2. Pantoprazole - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantoprazole

   [5] [6] More serious side effects may include severe allergic reactions, a type of chronic inflammation known as atrophic gastritis, Clostridioides difficile colitis, low magnesium, and vitamin B12 deficiency. [5] Use in pregnancy appears to be safe. [5] Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that decreases gastric acid secretion. [5]

3. Proton-pump inhibitor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-pump_inhibitor

   The body eventually synthesizes new proton pumps to replace the irreversibly inhibited ones, a process driven by normal cellular turnover, which gradually restores acid production. [ 2 ] Proton-pump inhibitors have largely superseded the H 2 -receptor antagonists , a group of medications with similar effects but a different mode of action, and ...

4. Lithium (medication) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_(medication)

   Teratogenicity is affected by trimester and dose of Lithium. Most significantly affecting first-trimester cardiac development with greater effects at higher doses. [80] [81] [82] As the risks of stopping Lithium can be significant, patients are sometimes recommended to stay on this medicine while pregnant.

5. Anti-ulcer agents - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-ulcer_agents

   Patient's appearance of the jaundice side effect. Clarithromycin may cause gastrointestinal adverse effects including vomiting, nausea, taste alteration and abdominal pain. [39] This medication can also cause liver toxicity. [39] Symptoms of liver damage include anorexia, dark urine, jaundice, tender abdomen and pruritus. [39]

6. Lithium toxicity - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_toxicity

   The drug itself is also known to be nephrotoxic, opening up the possibility of spontaneous emergence of toxicity at doses that were previously well-tolerated. Lithium toxicity can be mistaken for other syndromes associated with antipsychotic use, such as serotonin syndrome because lithium increases serotonin metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid .

7. Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_and_development...

   Another study states rabeprazole undergoes activation over a greater pH range than omeprazole, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole, and converts to the sulphenamide form more rapidly than any of these three drugs. [23] Most oral PPI preparations are enteric-coated, due to the rapid degradation of the drugs in the acidic conditions of the stomach.

8. Equianalgesic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equianalgesic

   Some patients request to be switched to a different narcotic due to stigma associated with a particular drug (e.g. a patient refusing methadone due to its association with opioid addiction treatment). [4] Equianalgesic charts are also used when calculating an equivalent dosage of the same drug, but with a different route of administration.

9. Therapeutic drug monitoring - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_drug_monitoring

   Its main focus is on drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, i.e. drugs that can easily be under- or overdosed. [1] TDM aimed at improving patient care by individually adjusting the dose of drugs for which clinical experience or clinical trials have shown it improved outcome in the general or special populations.