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Clar's rule has also been supported by experimental results about the distribution of π-electrons in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, [7] valence bond calculations, [8] and nucleus-independent chemical shift studies. [9] Clar's rule is widely applied in the fields of chemistry and materials science.
According to Clar's rule, [20] the resonance structure of a PAH that has the largest number of disjoint aromatic pi sextets—i.e. benzene-like moieties—is the most important for the characterization of the properties of that PAH. [21] Benzene-substructure resonance analysis for Clar's rule
Electron ionization mass spectrum of the steroid alcohol brassicasterol. Mass spectral interpretation is the method employed to identify the chemical formula, characteristic fragment patterns and possible fragment ions from the mass spectra. [1] [2] Mass spectra is a plot of relative abundance against mass-to-charge ratio.
Two different resonance forms of benzene (top) combine to produce an average structure (bottom). In organic chemistry, aromaticity is a chemical property describing the way in which a conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds, lone pairs, or empty orbitals exhibits a stabilization stronger than would be expected from conjugation alone.
In physical organic chemistry, the Swain–Lupton equation is a linear free energy relationship (LFER) that is used in the study of reaction mechanisms and in the development of quantitative structure activity relationships for organic compounds.
Alcohol-free, dealcoholized and zero ABV (or less than 0.5 percent ABV) wines are popping up everywhere, often credited to the rise in the sober curious movement. But one question lingers: Are they
Allylic shifts become the dominant reaction pathway when there is substantial resistance to a normal (non-allylic) substitution. For nucleophilic substitution, such resistance is known when there is substantial steric hindrance at or around the leaving group, or if there is a geminal substituent destabilizing an accumulation of positive charge.
Erich Clar (23 August 1902 – 27 March 1987) was an Austrian organic chemist, born in Hřensko, who studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon chemistry. He is considered as the father of that field. [ 1 ]