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This image demonstrates a simple but typical Michelson interferometer. The bright yellow line indicates the path of light. The Michelson interferometer is a common configuration for optical interferometry and was invented by the 19/20th-century American physicist Albert Abraham Michelson. Using a beam splitter, a light source is split into two ...
The first such interferometer built was at the Mount Wilson observatory, making use of its 100-inch (~250 centimeters) mirror. It was used to make the first-ever measurement of a stellar diameter, by Michelson and Francis G. Pease , when the diameter of Betelgeuse was measured in December 1920.
Linnik interferometer (microscopy) LUPI variant of Michelson; Lummer–Gehrcke interferometer; Mach–Zehnder interferometer; Martin–Puplett interferometer; Michelson interferometer; Mirau interferometer (also known as a Mirau objective) (microscopy) Moiré interferometer (see moiré pattern) Multi-beam interferometer ; Near-field interferometer
Classification of the different kinds of optical autocorrelation. In optics, various autocorrelation functions can be experimentally realized. The field autocorrelation may be used to calculate the spectrum of a source of light, while the intensity autocorrelation and the interferometric autocorrelation are commonly used to estimate the duration of ultrashort pulses produced by modelocked lasers.
Figure 1. The light path through a Michelson interferometer.The two light rays with a common source combine at the half-silvered mirror to reach the detector. They may either interfere constructively (strengthening in intensity) if their light waves arrive in phase, or interfere destructively (weakening in intensity) if they arrive out of phase, depending on the exact distances between the ...
In a simple Michelson interferometer, one beam passes twice through the beamsplitter but the other passes through only once. To correct for this, an additional compensator plate of equal thickness is incorporated. For the mid-IR region, the beamsplitter is usually made of KBr with a germanium-based coating that makes it semi-reflective.
Both arms of the interferometer were contained in a transparent solid . The light source was a Helium–neon laser. ~7 km/s Trimmer et al. [30] [31] 1973: They searched for anisotropies of the speed of light behaving as the first and third of the Legendre polynomials. They used a triangle interferometer, with one portion of the path in glass.
This means that as the interferometer's arms were spun to face into and against the aether wind, the vertical fringe lines should have moved across the viewer 0.4 fringe widths left and right for a total of 0.8 fringes from maximum to minimum. Michelson reported that only between one-sixth and one-quarter of the expected reading was found. [1]