Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Electron affinity can be defined in two equivalent ways. First, as the energy that is released by adding an electron to an isolated gaseous atom. The second (reverse) definition is that electron affinity is the energy required to remove an electron from a singly charged gaseous negative ion.
The electron affinity of molecules is a complicated function of their electronic structure. For instance the electron affinity for benzene is negative, as is that of naphthalene, while those of anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene are positive. In silico experiments show that the electron affinity of hexacyanobenzene surpasses that of fullerene. [5]
The electron affinity (usually given by the symbol in solid state physics) gives the energy difference between the lower edge of the conduction band and the vacuum level of the semiconductor. The band gap (usually given the symbol E g {\displaystyle E_{\rm {g}}} ) gives the energy difference between the lower edge of the conduction band and the ...
In crystallography, materials science and metallurgy, Vegard's law is an empirical finding (heuristic approach) resembling the rule of mixtures.In 1921, Lars Vegard discovered that the lattice parameter of a solid solution of two constituents is approximately a weighted mean of the two constituents' lattice parameters at the same temperature: [1] [2]
In this case, the carrier density (in this context, also called the free electron density) can be estimated by: [5] n = N A Z ρ m m a {\displaystyle n={\frac {N_{\text{A}}Z\rho _{m}}{m_{a}}}} Where N A {\displaystyle N_{\text{A}}} is the Avogadro constant , Z is the number of valence electrons , ρ m {\displaystyle \rho _{m}} is the density of ...
Ionization energies calculated from DFT orbital energies are usually poorer than those of Koopmans' theorem, with errors much larger than two electron volts possible depending on the exchange-correlation approximation employed. [3] [4] The LUMO energy shows little correlation with the electron affinity with typical approximations. [9]
Arrow pushing or electron pushing is a technique used to describe the progression of organic chemistry reaction mechanisms. [1] It was first developed by Sir Robert Robinson.In using arrow pushing, "curved arrows" or "curly arrows" are drawn on the structural formulae of reactants in a chemical equation to show the reaction mechanism.
Although the Drude model was fairly successful in describing the electron motion within metals, it has some erroneous aspects: it predicts the Hall coefficient with the wrong sign compared to experimental measurements, the assumed additional electronic heat capacity to the lattice heat capacity, namely per electron at elevated temperatures, is also inconsistent with experimental values, since ...